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A truly captivating book! o Amazon Поистине увлекательная книга! Todella mukaansatempaava kirja! En riktigt fängslande bok! A truly captivating book!Right from the beginning the feeling that here a real expert is telling the story flying in the air above the vast field of facts, above the facts, but true to them. This wide perspective feeling continued until the end of the book, just being momentarily interrupted at some few chapters without enthusiastic notes from my side. Richly was fulfilled the reader's wish to find new enlightenment on some already long-time familiar general conceptions. Here are particularly some sequences of inventions from small beginnings by individuals to wide applications of the whole societies. Several such consequent processes are described in industrialization, clothing from weavers to big factories, an invention of steam energy to the present forms of power supply. This same consequent chaining of phenomena is observed here also in social and political contexts. The cumulative process of accruing knowledge: nothing previous is forgotten, new beneficial ideas and inventions are added one by one. The process of two steps forward, one backward continues. We live better and wealthier life than our ancestors hundred, not to speak thousand years ago. Only beware whether our surrounding nature and unincreasing physical resources can stand these developments. All in all, the unrevealed author of this fascinating text well deserves all the five stars. More of this kind will undoubtedly follow. Поистине увлекательная книга!С самого начала ощущение, что здесь рассказывает настоящий эксперт, история летит в воздухе над огромным полем фактов, над фактами, но верными им. Это ощущение широкой перспективы продолжалось до конца книги, просто прерываясь на несколько глав без восторженных замечаний с моей стороны. Богато исполнилось желание читателя по-новому осветить некоторые уже давно знакомые общие понятия. Здесь, в частности, некоторые последовательности изобретений от небольших начинаний отдельных лиц до широкого применения целыми обществами. Несколько таких последовательных процессов описаны в индустриализации, от одежды от ткачей до крупных фабрик, от изобретения паровой энергии до нынешних форм энергоснабжения. Такая же последовательная цепочка явлений наблюдается здесь и в социальном, и в политическом контексте. Кумулятивный процесс накопления знаний: ничто предыдущее не забывается, новые полезные идеи и изобретения добавляются одна за другой. Процесс два шага вперед, один назад продолжается. Мы живем лучше и богаче, чем наши предки сто, не говоря уже тысячи лет назад. Только остерегайтесь, выдержит ли окружающая природа и неуклонно возрастающие физические ресурсы эти разработки. В общем, неназванный автор этого увлекательного текста вполне заслуживает всех пяти звезд. Несомненно, за этим последует больше подобных. Todella mukaansatempaava kirja!Heti alusta asti tunne, että täällä todellinen asiantuntija kertoo tarina lentää ilmassa valtavan faktakentän yläpuolella, tosiasioiden yläpuolella, mutta heille uskollisesti. Tämä laaja perspektiivitunnelma jatkui kirjan loppuun asti, ja se vain katkesi hetkeksi muutaman luvun kohdalla ilman innostuneita huomautuksia minulta. Runsaasti täytti lukijan toiveen löytää uutta valaistusta jo pitkään tutuille yleiskäsityksille. Tässä on erityisesti joitain keksintöjä yksittäisten pienistä aloista laajoihin sovelluksiin koko yhteiskunnissa. Useita tällaisia seurannaisprosesseja on kuvattu teollistumisessa, yksittäisistä kutojista suuriin tehtaisiin, höyryenergian keksinnöstä nykyisiien virtalähteiesiin. Samaa johdonmukaista ilmiöiden ketjuuntumista havaitaan täällä myös yhteiskunnallisissa ja poliittisissa yhteyksissä. Kumulatiivinen tiedon kerääntymisprosessi: mitään aikaisempaa ei unohdeta, uusia hyödyllisiä ideoita ja keksintöjä lisätään yksi kerrallaan. Prosessi, jossa kaksi askelta eteenpäin, yksi taaksepäin jatkuu. Elämme parempaa ja rikkaampaa elämää kuin esi-isämme sata, puhumattakaan tuhat vuotta sitten. Varokaa vain, kestävätkö ympäröivä luonto ja lisääntymättömät fyysiset resurssit tämän kehityksen. Kaiken kaikkiaan tämän kiehtovan tekstin paljastamaton kirjoittaja ansaitsee kaikki viisi tähteä. Tällaisia tulee epäilemättä lisää. En riktigt fängslande bok!Redan från början känslan av att här en verklig expert berättar historien flygande i luften över det stora fältet av fakta, över fakta, men sann mot dem. Denna breda perspektiv känsla fortsatte till slutet av boken, bara avbröts tillfälligt vid några få kapitel utan entusiastiska anteckningar från min sida. Rikligt uppfylldes läsarens önskan att finna ny upplysning om några redan sedan länge välbekanta allmänna uppfattningar. Här är särskilt några sekvenser av uppfinningar från små början av individer till breda tillämpningar av hela samhällen. Flera sådana efterföljande processer beskrivs i industrialiseringen, kläder från vävare till stora fabriker, en uppfinning av ångenergi till nuvarande former av kraftförsörjning. Samma konsekventa kedja av fenomen observeras här också i sociala och politiska sammanhang. Den kumulativa processen att samla in kunskap: inget tidigare glöms bort, nya nyttiga idéer och uppfinningar läggs till en efter en. Processen med två steg framåt, ett bakåt fortsätter. Vi lever ett bättre och rikare liv än våra förfäder för hundra, för att inte tala om tusen år sedan. Akta dig bara för om vår omgivande natur och konstanta fysiska resurser tål denna utveckling. Sammantaget förtjänar den oavslöjade författaren till denna fascinerande text alla fem stjärnor. Fler av det här slaget kommer utan tvekan att följa.
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Huomautukset Remarks ЗамечанияPagetop |
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| 1. CaptivHistory-Europe-ajk*$0# | ??? | |
| 2. 1,119,119,his,eng,20220114,20221232,4,Matt Clayton: A Captivating Guide to the History of Europe | ??? | |
| 3. Amazon Link to source of purchased ebook... | ??? | |
| 4. eng Link to Ajk review at source of purchased ebook... | ??? | |
| 7 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Introduction 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 8 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 1 – Prehistory 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 10 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 2 – The Neolithic Revolution 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 14 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 3 – The Bronze Age 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 18 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 4 – Early Tribes of Europe 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 21 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 5 – The Iron Age 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 25 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 6 – Prehistoric Britain 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 28 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 7 – The Classical Greeks 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 32 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 8 – The Roman Empire 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 36 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 9 – The Vikings 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 40 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 10 – The Dark Ages 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 44 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 11 – The Holy Roman Empire 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 47 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 12 – The Rise of Wessex 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 50 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 13 – The Norman Conquest 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 54 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 14 – Marco Polo and Renaissance Italy 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 57 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 15 – Joan of Arc 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 61 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 16 – Isabella I of Castile 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 65 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 17 – The Age of Discovery 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 68 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 18 – The Reformation 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 71 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 19 – The Enlightenment 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 74 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 20 – The French Revolution 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 79 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 21 – The Industrial Age 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 84 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 22 – The British Empire of Queen Victoria 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 87 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 23 – The Great War 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 91 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 24 – The Russian Revolution 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 95 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 25 – World War II 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 100 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Chapter 26 - The Cold War Era 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 104 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Epilogue 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 105 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Check out another book by Captivating History 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 107 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | Free Bonus from Captivating History: History Ebook 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 119 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | end 1: 119: 119: 4: |
| 119 | Sisällysluettelo Contents Содержание (Code: (1,2,3,4,5)) | ### 20220116 5' 1: 119: 119: 4: |
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1 (8) Despite their heavy skeletons and developed brow ridges, Neanderthals were probably little different from modern humans. Some of the skeletal remains appear to be from deliberate burials, the first evidence for such careful behaviour among humans. (Encyclopedia Britannica) 2 (8) These human ancestors wandered into Europe from Africa via the Middle East about 45,000 years ago. 3 (8) Neanderthals far predated the Cro-Magnons, however; they’d actually evolved in Europe about 350,000 years before ever setting eyes on their Cro-Magnon cousins. 4 (10) The Neolithic Revolution can also be called the Agricultural Revolution as it was the transitioning of the hunter-gatherers into a more settled lifestyle which was based on agriculture. 5 (10) As far as archaeological evidence can tell us, the original Neolithic period began in the Middle East, in the piece of land where the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers meet in what is now Iraq but what was once ancient Mesopotamia. 6 (11) Wheat, barley, lentils, peas, and beans proved to be the most reliable crops, accounting for their use from Greece to the British Isles about 5,000 years ago. 7 (16) The details behind the construction of Stonehenge have been lost to the ages, but the structure still stands to commemorate the civilization which built it—and it’s not the only building that harkens back to the Bronze Age. 8 (19) The domestication of the horse occurred around 3500 BCE, and it became a tool for long-distance travel as well as large-scale warfare. 9 (24) While farming families worked hard to provide food for themselves and their protectors, the growing walls of skulls reminded them what was at stake. 10 (25) About three or four million people are estimated to have lived throughout Britain by the Late Iron Age,[28] around 400 BCE, 11 (26) A bog, a concentrated wet area too thick to swim in but too watery to stand on, was considered the ideal location for religious ceremonies involving a sacrifice. 12 (29) great philosopher Socrates, who believed the most important lesson a student could learn was how to learn. His philosophies and teaching methods created the basis for what is known as the Socratic Method, upon which most of modern Western education is based. 13 (31) Alexander died unexpectedly at the young age of 32, leaving his massive empire in the hands of four of his generals after over twenty years of fighting for dominance. 14 (32) Of all the wonders that I yet have heard, It seems to me most strange that men should fear; Seeing that death, a necessary end, Will come when it will come. (William Shakespeare, Julius Caesar) 15 (32) It was an entirely hypocritical system, one that put democracy on a pedestal while practicing aristocratic rule and dictatorship. 16 (34) Londinium (later called London) had a rocky start thanks to the repeated attacks of native tribes, but its founders persevered. It, along with Colonia Agrippina (Cologne), Vindobona (Vienna), Nida (Frankfurt), and Aquincum (Budapest), survived into the modern age thanks to Rome’s finely tuned systems of road construction, concrete mixing, mathematically sound architecture, and cultural oppression. 17 (36) The sky rests on the shoulders of four dwarfs. They stand at its corners, holding it up, and their names are Nordri, Sudri, Ostri and Westri… (Henry Myers, The Utmost Island) 18 (37) By the 10th century, Viking kings and their sailors were quite familiar with the world around them.[54] They’d visited Constantinople, traded with the Islamic caliphate, and even set foot in the lands of the Slavs (modern Russia). 19 (38) The 800s, 900s, and 1000s saw countless violent raids.[55] The Vikings attacked small neighbors, distant economic rivals, and generally any settlements that were not protected enough to offer any sort of retaliation. Viking families and tribes banded together in raiding parties, sailing east or west to strike unsuspecting communities and plunder their treasures. The raiders ran in, brandishing axes, hammers, and daggers, and murdered their way into the heart of each town. 20 (39) The era of gruesome Viking raids with wooden statues of Thor perched at the bow of great longships ended; Christianity painted over it to match the rest of the continent. 21 (43) Soon, the divided empire became known as the Holy Roman Empire in the west and the Byzantine Empire in the east. While the Byzantines centered their realm in Constantinople and used the Greek language, Charlemagne ruled his Latin empire from Aachen in modern-day Germany. 22 (44) The Holy Roman Empire is neither Holy, nor Roman, nor an Empire. (Voltaire) 23 (54) You know what the fellow said – in Italy, for thirty years under the Borgias, they had warfare, terror, murder and bloodshed, but they produced Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci and the Renaissance. In Switzerland, they had brotherly love, they had five hundred years of democracy and peace – and what did that produce? The cuckoo clock. (Graham Greene, The Third Man) 24 (54) One of the countless wonderful products of Renaissance Venice was a man called Marco Polo. Born in 1254 to a merchant family, Marco Polo learned the importance and art of importing and exporting from his father and uncle, Niccolò and Maffeo.[ 25 (55) Marco Polo spent more than two decades with the Mongols.[94] Having earned the trust of the mighty Khan, Polo had the ability to travel extensively throughout Mongol territory on administrative duties that might have included tax collection and even the governorship governorship of Hangzhou, a Chinese city annexed under the rule of Kublai Khan. 26 (55) The Black Death was so serious and widespread that it killed about a third of the population of Europe. 27 (56) At every church they dug deep pits down to the water-table; and thus those who were poor who died during the night were bundled up quickly and thrown into the pit. In the morning when a large number of bodies were found in the pit, they took some earth and shovelled it down on top of them; and later others were placed on top of them and then another layer of earth, just as one makes lasagne with layers of pasta and cheese.[98] 28 (56) Some of the world’s most influential polymaths, including Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo, perfectly encapsulated the lost Classical ideals of literature, art, philosophy, and science. 29 (57) Of the love or hatred God has for the English, I know nothing, but I do know that they will all be thrown out of France, except those who die there. (Jeanne d’Arc, translated from trial records of March 15, 1431) 30 (59) The trial was mostly politically motivated, as the English court wished to make a mockery of the so-called savior of France. Ultimately, Joan of Arc was found guilty of heresy by the English clergy and sentenced to death. [106] She was burned publicly at the stake on May 30, 1431, in Rouen, the capital city of Normandy.[ 31 (60) The Catholic Church reinvestigated Joan of Arc’s case from 1452 to 1456 and posthumously decided that she was not only innocent but a martyr of their cause.[109] 32 (64) Of course, by 1492 Isabella had more to deal with than just the land within the confines of Europe. 33 (65) As always, financial gain was more important than discovery for discovery’s sake; so, it was with commercialism in mind that monarchs sent their most skilled naval officers on such expeditions. 34 (70) Church of England retained many likenesses to Roman Catholicism and ultimately answered to the oft-spontaneous decrees of King Henry VIII instead of the doctrines of Luther or any other Protestant philosopher of the day. When the Apology of the Augsburg Confession was translated into English in 1536 and Henry was offered membership in the Schmalkaldic League, the king did not join.[137] That same year, he had his Protestant queen beheaded for treason and married his next wife, Jane Seymour, his third wife out of six.[138] 35 (71) No man has received from nature the right to give orders to others. Freedom is a gift from heaven, and every individual of the same species has the right to enjoy it as soon as he is in enjoyment of his reason. (Denis Diderot, L’Encyclopédie) 36 (72) follow the rules (pay taxes, provide labor, etc.) of a king or governor in exchange for protection and social benefits (defensive structures, army, food availability). 37 (80) The spinning jenny and cotton gin, combined with John Kay’s 1733 flying shuttle, completely revolutionized the textile manufacturing manufacturing process from a cottage industry into a huge manufacturing endeavor.[170] 38 (80) another major invention: the steam engine. 39 (102) Two thousand years ago, the proudest boast was civis romanus sum ["I am a Roman citizen."] Today, in the world of freedom, the proudest boast is "Ich bin ein Berliner!"[231] 40 (102) By 1966, the Soviets had built a craft that orbited the moon and landed there. The ultimate goal—landing humans safely on the moon—was first achieved by NASA in 1969 when the Apollo 11 mission touched down and returned home with all three astronauts intact. 41 (104) With Germany reunification, the push for EU membership became a priority for much of Europe, including former Soviet countries. As of 2019, the European Union has 28 member states, though the United Kingdom is currently undergoing an exit negotiation. |
| 1 | 20220114 | +12p | =13p | 11% | ****** |
| 2 | 20220115 | +61p | =74p | 62% | ******************************* |